§ 1228 Fraudulent Instrument Protection Limits

Civil Code·California

AI SummaryVerified

This law says that if someone buys something or gets a loan, they can't get out of it just because someone else was tricked, unless they were part of the trick.

Key Takeaways

•If you buy something or get a loan, you usually can't back out just because someone else was tricked.
•You can only back out if you were part of the trick.
•This law is about making sure people stick to their deals.

Example

Imagine you buy a house, and later find out the seller tricked the previous owner. You can't just say 'I didn't know' and get out of buying the house.

Unless you were part of the trick, you still have to follow the deal you made.

AI-generated — May contain errors. Not legal advice. Always verify source.

Official Source

View on CA.gov

§ 1228 Fraudulent Instrument Protection Limits

No instrument is to be avoided under the last section, in favor of a subsequent purchaser or incumbrancer having notice thereof at the time his purchase was made, or his lien acquired, unless the person in whose favor the instrument was made was privy to the fraud intended. (Enacted 1872.)

Last verified: January 9, 2026

Key Terms

instrument subsequent purchaser incumbrancer privy to the fraud

References

Official text at leginfo.legislature.ca.gov
California Legislature. Civil Code. Section 1228.

Key Takeaways

Example

Key Terms

Related Statutes

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Key Takeaways

Example

Key Terms

Related Statutes

References