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HomeFinancial CodeDiv. 1.1Ch. 9§ 1301 Bank Fraud Damage Recovery

§ 1301 Bank Fraud Damage Recovery

Financial Code·California
AI Summary·Official Text·Key Terms·Related Statutes·References
AI SummaryVerified

§ 1301 Bank Fraud Damage Recovery

This law lets banks sue borrowers for fraud and get extra damages (up to half again the real loss), but it doesn’t apply to small owner‑occupied home loans that are $150,000 or less after adjusting for inflation.

Key Takeaways

  • •Banks (and their affiliates) can sue borrowers for fraud and get damages up to 150% of the actual loss.
  • •The exemption protects small, owner‑occupied home loans that are $150,000 or less, adjusted each year for inflation using the CPI.
  • •Any judgment under this law is not a “deficiency” judgment under the usual civil procedure rules.

Example

A borrower lies about his income to get a $200,000 mortgage. The bank later discovers the lie and sues for fraud.

AI-generated — May contain errors. Not legal advice. Always verify source.

Official Source
View on CA.gov

§ 1301 Bank Fraud Damage Recovery

(a) Notwithstanding Section 726 of the Code of Civil Procedure or any other provision of law to the contrary, a state or nationally chartered bank, its subsidiaries or affiliates transacting business in this state, or any successor in interest thereto, that originates, acquires, or purchases, in whole or in part, any loan secured directly or collaterally, in whole or in part, by a mortgage or deed of trust on real property, or any interest therein, may bring an action for recovery of damages, including exemplary damages not to exceed 50 percent of the actual damages, against a borrower where the action is based on fraud under Section 1572 of the Civil Code and the fraudulent conduct by the borrower induced the original lender to make that loan. (b) The provisions of this section shall not apply to loans secured by single-family, owner-occupied residential real property, when the property is actually occupied by the borrower as represented to the lender in order to obtain the loan and the loan is for an amount of one hundred fifty thousand dollars ($150,000) or less, as adjusted annually, commencing on January 1, 1987, to the Consumer Price Index as published by the United States Department of Labor. (c) Any action maintained under this section for damages shall not constitute a money judgment for deficiency or a deficiency judgment within the meaning of Section 580a, 580b, or 580d of the Code of Civil Procedure. (Added by Stats. 2011, Ch. 243, Sec. 3. (SB 664) Effective January 1, 2012.)

Last verified: January 11, 2026

Key Terms

exemplary damagesfraud under Section 1572deficiency judgmentsingle-family, owner-occupied residential real property

Related Statutes

  • § 1300 Bank Employee Fingerprint Checks
  • § 15200 Credit Union Mergers
  • § 15201 Credit Union Merger Approval
  • § 15202 Credit Union Merger Certificate
  • § 15203 Merger Certificate Filing Requirements

References

  • Official text at leginfo.legislature.ca.gov
  • California Legislature. Financial Code. Section 1301.
View Official Source