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HomeElections CodeDiv. 13Ch. 2§ 13114 Ballot Name Rotation Rules

§ 13114 Ballot Name Rotation Rules

Elections Code·California
AI Summary·Official Text·Key Terms·Related Statutes·References
AI SummaryVerified

§ 13114 Ballot Name Rotation Rules

This law lets a city council set up a system to shuffle the order of candidates' names on the ballot by grouping voting precincts into clusters, but only if they pass a resolution before the state’s random alphabet draw.

Key Takeaways

  • •The council can only set up rotation if they adopt a resolution before the state’s random alphabet drawing.
  • •Precinct clusters must be balanced – each cluster’s voter count can’t be more than 10% above or below the average cluster size.
  • •If there are fewer or equal candidates than clusters, the first name in the previous cluster moves to the end in the next cluster; if there are more candidates, use the rounding formula to decide how many names shift.

Example

The city council wants to rotate the names of mayor candidates on the ballot for the upcoming election.

The council creates a resolution that groups the city’s precincts into three clusters, makes sure each cluster has about the same number of voters, and then uses the rule in the law to decide how the names will be shifted in each cluster’s ballot.

How to Calculate

Round( Number_of_Candidates ÷ Number_of_Clusters )

  1. Count how many candidates are running for the office.
  2. Count how many precinct clusters you have created.
  3. Divide the number of candidates by the number of clusters.
  4. Look at the decimal part of the result. If it is less than 0.5, drop it (round down). If it is 0.5 or more, round up to the next whole number.
  5. That whole number tells you how many names from the start of the list will be moved to the end for each next cluster.

There are 7 candidates for city council and the council has made 3 clusters.

Result: 7 ÷ 3 = 2.333… The fraction .333 is less than .5, so we round down to 2. Therefore, in cluster 2 and each later cluster, the first 2 names on the list are moved to the end.

AI-generated — May contain errors. Not legal advice. Always verify source.

Official Source
View on CA.gov

§ 13114 Ballot Name Rotation Rules

(a) At any regular meeting of a city council held prior to the date on which the Secretary of State conducts the randomized alphabet drawing applicable to the regular municipal election under Section 13112, or, under Section 13113, applicable to a special election called to fill a vacancy on the city council, the city council may, by resolution, provide for the rotation on the ballot of the names of candidates for any elective city office. (b) A resolution adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) shall specify which regular statewide election precincts or, if precincts have been consolidated for purposes of the city election, which consolidated precincts, shall constitute each cluster of precincts for purposes of the rotation of candidates’ names on the ballot. (c) (1) As used in this section, a “cluster” shall consist of one or more precincts which need not be contiguous. The clusters of precincts shall be numbered in consecutive order for purposes of ballot rotation of candidates’ names, and the resolution shall list the clusters by number and identify which precincts are in each cluster. (2) No cluster of precincts shall contain a number of registered voters which is more than 10 percent greater or lesser than the average number of registered voters for a cluster as of the most recent estimate by the county elections official of the number of registered voters in each regular precinct in the city prior to the adoption of the resolution. The resolution shall set forth the total number of registered voters in each cluster. (d) A resolution adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) shall specify that, in the cluster designated as cluster number one, the names shall appear on the ballot in the order determined by the Secretary of State’s randomized alphabet drawing. For each successive cluster, the resolution shall specify the manner of determining the order of the candidates’ names by applying the following: (1) If the number of candidates for an office is equal to or less than the number of clusters, in cluster number two and each successive cluster, the name appearing first in the last preceding cluster shall be placed last, the order of the other names remaining unchanged. (2) If the number of candidates for an office is greater than the number of clusters, the former shall be divided by the latter. If the resulting quotient is a mixed number and the fractional part of the mixed number is less than one-half, the fraction shall be discarded. If the fractional part of the mixed number is one-half or greater, the quotient shall be raised to the next largest whole number. The whole number that results from this process shall be the number of candidates that, in cluster number two and each successive cluster, shall be taken from the beginning of the list and placed at the end of the list, the order of the other names remaining unchanged. (e) (1) No city may provide for rotation of candidates’ names on the ballot for a particular election unless the resolution authorizing it, in accordance with this section, is adopted by the city council at a regular meeting, at which the city elections official has provided cost estimates of this rotation, prior to the date of the randomized alphabet drawing applicable to the election. (2) A city council resolution that provides for rotation of candidates’ names pursuant to this section for any election which is consolidated with any county or state election shall also provide for the payment of computer programming, formatting, preparation, and all similar related administrative costs associated with development of the ballot on which those names appear. (Enacted by Stats. 1994, Ch. 920, Sec. 2.)

Last verified: January 10, 2026

Key Terms

city councilresolutionrotation on the ballotcluster of precinctsrandomized alphabet drawingSecretary of State

Related Statutes

  • § 13113 Special District Election Notice
  • § 10228 Candidate Filing Fee Limits
  • § 10263 Election Results Certification
  • § 11104 Recall Petition Signature Reports
  • § 11107 Petition Examination Certification

References

  • Official text at leginfo.legislature.ca.gov
  • California Legislature. Elections Code. Section 13114.
View Official Source