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HomeCivil CodeDiv. 3Pt. 4§ 2860 Insurer'S Duty To Provide Independent Counsel

§ 2860 Insurer'S Duty To Provide Independent Counsel

Civil Code·California
AI Summary·Official Text·Key Terms·Related Statutes·References
AI SummaryVerified

§ 2860 Insurer'S Duty To Provide Independent Counsel

Key Takeaways

  • •If your insurance company has to defend you in court but there's a conflict of interest, they must let you pick your own lawyer unless you say no in writing.
  • •Your insurance company can set some rules for the lawyer you pick, like how much experience they should have.
  • •You and your lawyer must share info with the insurance company, except for private stuff about coverage fights.
  • •If you pick your own lawyer, both your lawyer and the insurance company's lawyer can work on the case together.

Example

You get into a car crash, and your insurance company says they'll defend you in court. But they also say they might not cover all the costs because of something in your policy.

This could be a conflict of interest, so your insurance company has to let you pick your own lawyer. If you don't want to pick your own lawyer, you can sign a paper saying you're okay with the insurance company's lawyer.

AI-generated — May contain errors. Not legal advice. Always verify source.

Official Source
View on CA.gov

§ 2860 Insurer'S Duty To Provide Independent Counsel

(a) If the provisions of a policy of insurance impose a duty to defend upon an insurer and a conflict of interest arises which creates a duty on the part of the insurer to provide independent counsel to the insured, the insurer shall provide independent counsel to represent the insured unless, at the time the insured is informed that a possible conflict may arise or does exist, the insured expressly waives, in writing, the right to independent counsel. An insurance contract may contain a provision which sets forth the method of selecting that counsel consistent with this section. (b) For purposes of this section, a conflict of interest does not exist as to allegations or facts in the litigation for which the insurer denies coverage; however, when an insurer reserves its rights on a given issue and the outcome of that coverage issue can be controlled by counsel first retained by the insurer for the defense of the claim, a conflict of interest may exist. No conflict of interest shall be deemed to exist as to allegations of punitive damages or be deemed to exist solely because an insured is sued for an amount in excess of the insurance policy limits. (c) When the insured has selected independent counsel to represent him or her, the insurer may exercise its right to require that the counsel selected by the insured possess certain minimum qualifications which may include that the selected counsel have (1) at least five years of civil litigation practice which includes substantial defense experience in the subject at issue in the litigation, and (2) errors and omissions coverage. The insurer’s obligation to pay fees to the independent counsel selected by the insured is limited to the rates which are actually paid by the insurer to attorneys retained by it in the ordinary course of business in the defense of similar actions in the community where the claim arose or is being defended. This subdivision does not invalidate other different or additional policy provisions pertaining to attorney’s fees or providing for methods of settlement of disputes concerning those fees. Any dispute concerning attorney’s fees not resolved by these methods shall be resolved by final and binding arbitration by a single neutral arbitrator selected by the parties to the dispute. (d) When independent counsel has been selected by the insured, it shall be the duty of that counsel and the insured to disclose to the insurer all information concerning the action except privileged materials relevant to coverage disputes, and timely to inform and consult with the insurer on all matters relating to the action. Any claim of privilege asserted is subject to in camera review in the appropriate law and motion department of the superior court. Any information disclosed by the insured or by independent counsel is not a waiver of the privilege as to any other party. (e) The insured may waive its right to select independent counsel by signing the following statement: “I have been advised and informed of my right to select independent counsel to represent me in this lawsuit. I have considered this matter fully and freely waive my right to select independent counsel at this time. I authorize my insurer to select a defense attorney to represent me in this lawsuit.” (f) Where the insured selects independent counsel pursuant to the provisions of this section, both the counsel provided by the insurer and independent counsel selected by the insured shall be allowed to participate in all aspects of the litigation. Counsel shall cooperate fully in the exchange of information that is consistent with each counsel’s ethical and legal obligation to the insured. Nothing in this section shall relieve the insured of his or her duty to cooperate with the insurer under the terms of the insurance contract. (Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 1114, Sec. 1.)

Last verified: January 21, 2026

Key Terms

insuranceobligationcontractdamagesdutyclaimcoveragelitigation

Related Statutes

  • § 1812.406 Key Person Loan Insurance Exemption
  • § 9554 Public Works Payment Bonds
  • § 1692 Rescission Relief Claims
  • § 1695.6 Equity Purchase Contract Restrictions
  • § 1794.4 Service Contract Disclosure Requirements

References

  • Official text at leginfo.legislature.ca.gov
  • California Legislature. Civil Code. Section 2860.
View Official Source